1530年8月25日,伊凡四世出生。他的母亲叶莲娜·格林斯卡娅是金帐汗国(1219—1502年)贵族马麦后裔,嫁给了年近50仍未有子嗣的瓦西里三世(Vasili III)之后,终于生下了继承人。伊凡四世出生时正好电闪雷鸣,因此被称为伊凡雷帝,但他这个名字恐怕更主要来源于后来一次次令人震破胆的大清洗。
WIKI关于绰号由来的解释,同时解释了terrible在此处的形容正确解释
The English word terrible is usually used to translate the Russian word grozny in Ivan's nickname, but this is a somewhat archaic translation. The Russian word grozny reflects the older English usage of terrible as in "inspiring fear or terror; dangerous; powerful; formidable". It does not convey the more modern connotations of English terrible, such as "defective" or "evil". Vladimir Dal defines grozny specifically in archaic usage and as an epithet for tsars: "courageous, magnificent, magisterial and keeping enemies in fear, but people in obedience".[6] Other translations have also been suggested by modern scholars.[7][8][9]